KUALA LUMPUR, 10 February 2026 – Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a type of cancer that originates in the nasopharynx, the area behind the nose and above the back of the throat. Its concealed location and subtle early symptoms, such as persistent nasal congestion, nosebleeds, fluid in the middle ear, ringing, or painless neck lumps, often result in delayed diagnosis. Many patients are initially treated for sinusitis, allergies, or ear infections before NPC is considered. In Malaysia, NPC is particularly prevalent among men aged 40 to 60, and individuals of Asian descent, with genetic susceptibility, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and diet high in preserved foods contributing to risk.
According to Dr Hafizah Zaharah Ahmad of Sunway Medical Centre Velocity (SMCV), early detection is crucial for improved survival rates. Diagnosis begins with nasoendoscopy to visualise the nasopharynx, followed by MRI or CT scans to assess tumor size, local invasion, and soft tissue involvement. Dr David Yee Leong Wai, ENT and Head & Neck Surgeon at SMCV, highlights that biopsy remains essential for confirming diagnosis and grading the tumor histologically, which helps guide treatment.


Treatment varies depending on disease stage. Early-stage NPC may be treated with radiotherapy alone, whereas locally advanced cases typically require concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Modern radiotherapy techniques, including Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy, allow precise targeting of the tumor while protecting surrounding critical structures such as nerves, salivary glands, and the brainstem. Surgery is generally reserved for residual or recurrent tumors, with endoscopic approaches through the nasal passages reducing trauma and promoting recovery.
Patients may experience side effects like fatigue, nausea, and oral ulcers, which are managed with supportive care, nutritional guidance, and close monitoring. Post-treatment follow-up with ENT specialists and oncologists ensures early detection of recurrence. Awareness of NPC’s early symptoms, timely investigation, and advances in treatment collectively improve survival rates and quality of life for patients.







